Anti-proliferative and Apoptosis Inducing Effects of Gallic Acid on Human Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Cell Lines (HL-60)

Gallic acid (GA) comes from benzoic or, more specifically, 3,4,5-tryhydroxybenzoic, which derives the phenolic of non-flavonoid part polyphenol compound. It is found ubiquitously in various plants and fruits, such as grapes, gallnuts, pomegranates, tea leaves [1]. Many scientific journals articles reported on pharmacological properties photochemical like GA, has antioxidant properties, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, neuroprotective activity [2]. Moreover, anticancer GA have been recognised several cancers, lung oesophageal cancer cells leukaemia [3].
 
 The objective this study to examine anti-proliferative apoptosis inducing effects HL-60 cell lines. Six concentrations were made using stock solution compound dissolved dimethyl sulfide (DMSO). treated with 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 µg/mL was incubated at three incubation period 24, 48, 72 hours. quantitative measure determined cytotoxicity assay 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) read by microplate reader 570 nm. For qualitative through staining acridine orang (AO) propidium iodide (PI) observed morphological changes cells.
 Results MTT assays show that effect especially for hours period. maximal half inhibitory (IC50) value decreases increases. IC50 9.03, 6.76, 3.65 µg/ml 24-, 48-, 72-hours incubation, respectively. (p<0.05) significantly different periods. seen AO/PI appearance blebbing, early apoptosis, late apoptosis.
 Figure 1 shows (EA), (LA), blebbing (CB), membrane loose (MB), nuclear fragmentation (NF), apoptotic bodies (AB).
 These findings potential line. More research needed determine pathways GA.